Category: Peter D. Kramer

The advice that I have valued in my own life has never turned on fixed maxims or canned metaphors. More crucially, lists of precepts don’t work like targeted advice because lists contain inherently constraining messages. They seem to say that complex matters are knowable, that a given process leads to foreseeable results. It implies a thin and predictable world, whereas the sort of advice that has mattered to me bespeaks a quite tentative optimism, the optimism of the quest whose outcome is finally unknowable.